Despite its potential, nano communications face several challenges:
Energy Efficiency: Nanomachines have limited energy resources, making energy-efficient communication protocols essential. Noise and Interference: The nanoscale environment is often noisy, and interference can significantly affect communication quality. Scalability: Managing a large number of nanomachines and ensuring reliable communication among them is complex. Security: Ensuring secure communication at the nanoscale is crucial, especially in medical and industrial applications.
