Each imaging technique has its own set of advantages and disadvantages:
SEM
Advantages:
- High resolution and depth of field
- Versatile for a wide range of materials
Disadvantages:
- Requires vacuum environment
- Sample preparation can be complex
TEM
Advantages:
- Extremely high resolution
- Can provide information on internal structure
Disadvantages:
- Requires very thin samples
- Expensive and complex to operate
AFM
Advantages:
- Can image non-conductive samples
- Provides mechanical property measurements
Disadvantages:
- Slower imaging speed
- Limited to surface imaging
STM
Advantages:
- Atomic-level resolution
- Can study electronic properties
Disadvantages:
- Requires conductive samples
- Sensitive to vibrations and requires stable environment
Fluorescence Microscopy
Advantages:
- High specificity with labeled molecules
- Suitable for live cell imaging
Disadvantages:
- Limited resolution compared to electron microscopy
- Potential photobleaching of fluorescent markers
