Self-Healing Materials: These materials can automatically repair damage, such as cracks or scratches, without human intervention. This is achieved through the inclusion of microcapsules containing healing agents that release upon damage. Shape-Memory Alloys: These materials can "remember" their original shape and return to it when heated. They are used in applications such as medical devices and aerospace components. Photonic Crystals: These materials can control the flow of light and are used in optical computing and advanced telecommunications. Carbon Nanotubes: Known for their exceptional strength and electrical conductivity, carbon nanotubes are used in composites, electronics, and energy storage systems.
