Self-Assembly: The autonomous organization of components into patterns or structures without human intervention. This is fundamental in creating complex nanostructures with specific functions. Phase Transitions: Changes in the state of matter at the nanoscale, such as from solid to liquid, that can be exploited for memory storage devices and sensors. Chemical Reactions: Time-dependent interactions between molecules that can be harnessed for catalysis and the synthesis of novel materials. Mechanical Movements: Nanoscale actuators and motors that convert energy into motion, useful for creating nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS).
