Researchers are continuously developing new techniques to overcome these challenges:
Microfluidics: Microfluidic devices allow for precise control of fluid flow and can be used to separate nanoparticles based on their size and shape. This technique shows promise for high-throughput and scalable purification. Magnetic Separation: This method uses magnetic fields to separate magnetic nanoparticles from non-magnetic impurities. It is particularly useful for purifying iron oxide nanoparticles and other magnetic materials. Selective Precipitation: By carefully controlling the chemical environment, researchers can selectively precipitate certain nanoparticles while leaving impurities in solution. This method is often used for purifying semiconductor quantum dots.
