Humans can be exposed to nanomaterials through several routes:
Inhalation: Nanoparticles can be inhaled and deposited in the respiratory tract, potentially leading to lung inflammation and other pulmonary issues. Ingestion: Nanomaterials can enter the digestive system through contaminated food or water, potentially causing gastrointestinal and systemic toxicity. Dermal contact: Skin exposure can occur through consumer products like cosmetics and sunscreens, leading to potential skin absorption and toxicity.
