Several techniques are used to achieve homogenization at the nanoscale:
Ultrasonication: Uses high-frequency sound waves to break down particle agglomerates and evenly disperse nanoparticles in a solution. High-Pressure Homogenization: Forces a fluid through a narrow gap at high pressure, creating shear forces that break down and disperse nanoparticles. Stirring and Mixing: Mechanical methods to ensure even distribution, often used in conjunction with surfactants to prevent particle aggregation. Emulsification: Creates stable mixtures of immiscible liquids containing nanoparticles, often used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
