Heat can be generated in nanoscale systems through various mechanisms:
1. Joule Heating: This occurs when electric current passes through a conductor, and the resistance causes energy dissipation in the form of heat. 2. Chemical Reactions: Exothermic reactions at the nanoscale can produce heat. 3. Mechanical Stress: In nanomaterials, mechanical deformation can lead to heat generation due to the interaction of atoms and molecules. 4. Photothermal Effects: Nanoparticles can absorb light and convert it into heat, a principle used in photothermal therapy.
