Descriptive metadata is collected using a range of techniques and instruments, such as:
- Microscopy Techniques: Including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for detailed imaging. - Spectroscopy Methods: Such as X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman Spectroscopy for chemical analysis. - Surface Area Analysis: Using techniques like Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis to measure surface area. - Thermal Analysis: Tools like Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) for thermal properties.