Thermal drying typically involves the application of heat to evaporate solvents or moisture from the nanomaterials. The process can be conducted using various methods, such as:
Oven drying: Involves placing nanomaterials in an oven at a controlled temperature. Vacuum drying: Uses reduced pressure to lower the boiling point of solvents, facilitating faster drying at lower temperatures. Spray drying: Involves spraying a solution containing nanomaterials into a hot air chamber, causing rapid solvent evaporation. Freeze drying: Involves freezing the solvent and then sublimating it under vacuum, preserving the nanomaterial's structure.
