How Does the Nyquist Theorem Apply to Nanoscale Imaging?
In nanoscale imaging, the resolution is often limited by the sampling rate. According to the Nyquist Theorem, the sampling frequency must be at least twice the maximum frequency present in the signal. For instance, in SEM or AFM, if the highest spatial frequency corresponds to a feature size of 1 nm, the sampling rate must be at least 0.5 nm to avoid aliasing and accurately reconstruct the image.
