Targeting in nanotechnology delivery is often achieved through the use of ligands such as antibodies, peptides, or small molecules that can specifically bind to receptors on the surface of target cells. This active targeting approach ensures that the therapeutic agents are delivered directly to the diseased cells, sparing healthy cells and reducing side effects. Passive targeting, on the other hand, exploits the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of tumors and inflamed tissues, where nanoparticles naturally accumulate.
