The process begins with the creation of a master mold, usually fabricated using photolithography or electron beam lithography. This master mold contains the desired pattern, which is then transferred to a PDMS stamp. The PDMS stamp is used to imprint the pattern onto a substrate, often through a technique called microcontact printing. In some variations, the PDMS stamp can be used to mold a variety of materials, including polymers, metals, and biological molecules.
