How Does Quantum Computing Threaten Traditional Cryptography?
Quantum computers utilize quantum bits or qubits, which can represent both 0 and 1 simultaneously thanks to a property called superposition. This allows quantum computers to solve certain mathematical problems exponentially faster than classical computers. For example, Shor's algorithm can factor large integers efficiently, breaking RSA encryption, while Grover's algorithm can speed up brute-force attacks, undermining symmetric key cryptography.
