Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in the remediation of contaminated environments. Nanomaterials like nano-zero valent iron (nZVI) are effective in degrading organic pollutants and reducing heavy metals to less toxic forms. Nanoparticles can also be used to enhance the efficiency of existing remediation techniques. For example, titanium dioxide nanoparticles can catalyze the breakdown of contaminants under UV light through a process known as photocatalysis.
