The process typically involves the following steps:
Supersaturation: The solution is supersaturated with the desired ions, either by increasing the concentration of the ions or by changing the temperature or pH. Nucleation: Small clusters of atoms or molecules (nuclei) form in the solution. Growth: These nuclei grow into larger particles as more atoms or molecules aggregate onto them. Precipitation: The particles reach a size where they become insoluble and precipitate out of the solution. Separation: The precipitated nanoparticles are separated from the solution through filtration or centrifugation.
