Partnerships in nanotechnology can be established through various avenues:
1. Research Grants and Funding: Many collaborations begin with joint applications for research grants. Funding agencies often encourage multi-institutional and interdisciplinary projects, providing the necessary financial support.
2. Conferences and Workshops: Academic and industry conferences serve as platforms for networking and establishing collaborations. Researchers and industry professionals can discuss potential projects and areas of mutual interest.
3. Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs): Formal agreements like MoUs can outline the terms and objectives of the collaboration, providing a structured framework for partnership.