The core of PCM technology lies in the ability of phase change materials to undergo rapid and reversible phase transitions. By applying precise electrical pulses, the material can be heated to a specific temperature to switch between its low-resistance crystalline state and high-resistance amorphous state. This transition is used to represent binary data: crystalline for '0' and amorphous for '1'. The speed and energy efficiency of these transitions are crucial for the performance of PCM devices.
