Nanovectors deliver therapeutic agents through mechanisms such as passive targeting, active targeting, and stimulus-responsive release. Passive targeting exploits the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect found in tumor tissues, allowing nanovectors to accumulate in these areas. Active targeting involves modifying the surface of nanovectors with ligands or antibodies that bind to specific receptors on target cells. Stimulus-responsive release involves nanovectors that release their payload in response to specific stimuli such as pH, temperature, or light.
