The interactions between nanoparticles and their matrix can occur through various mechanisms. These include:
Van der Waals forces: Weak attractions that can help in the dispersion of nanoparticles within the matrix. Covalent bonding: Strong chemical bonds that can enhance the mechanical properties of the composite material. Electrostatic interactions: Charges on the nanoparticles and matrix can attract or repel each other, affecting the distribution and stability of the nanoparticles. Hydrogen bonding: These bonds can influence the solubility and compatibility of nanoparticles within the matrix.
