Nanomaterials exhibit responsive behavior due to their unique properties at the nanoscale, such as high surface area, quantum effects, and the ability to undergo significant conformational changes. For example, gold nanoparticles can change color in response to changes in their environment, and quantum dots can alter their fluorescence based on the surrounding pH. This responsiveness is often achieved through the functionalization of nanomaterials with specific molecules that interact with the target stimuli.
