The basic structure of an electrowetting lens consists of a droplet of conductive liquid, such as a water and salt solution, situated on a hydrophobic surface. When voltage is applied, the electric field changes the surface tension properties of the liquid, altering its shape. This change in shape modifies the curvature of the liquid lens, thereby adjusting its focal length. The ability to control the shape of the lens with precision makes electrowetting lenses highly versatile.
