Carbon nanotube-based biosensors operate by leveraging the unique properties of CNTs to detect biological molecules. The basic principle involves the functionalization of CNTs with specific biomolecules, such as enzymes, antibodies, or DNA, to create a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. When the target analyte binds to the functionalized CNT, it induces a measurable change in the electrical properties of the CNT, such as resistance or current. This change can be quantified to determine the presence and concentration of the target molecule.
