SPIONs can be synthesized through various methods such as co-precipitation, thermal decomposition, and hydrothermal synthesis. The choice of method depends on the desired size, shape, and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles. Co-precipitation, for example, is a straightforward method that involves the co-precipitation of iron salts in an alkaline medium. Thermal decomposition, on the other hand, allows for better control over particle size and uniformity.
