semiconductor films

How are Semiconductor Films Fabricated?

Several techniques are used to fabricate semiconductor films, each with its advantages and limitations. Some common methods include:
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): A process where gaseous precursors react on a substrate to form a solid film.
Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD): Techniques like sputtering and evaporation are used to deposit thin films from a solid source.
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD): A method that allows for the precise control of film thickness at the atomic level.
Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): A highly controlled process for growing crystalline films, often used for quantum wells and superlattices.

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