The synthesis of rotaxanes can be achieved through several methods, including template-directed synthesis, slippage synthesis, and covalent synthesis. Template-directed synthesis often utilizes non-covalent interactions between the components to guide the formation of the rotaxane. Slippage synthesis relies on heating the components so that the ring can slip over the bulky end groups, while covalent synthesis involves the formation of chemical bonds to assemble the rotaxane structure.
