Phonons can be detected and measured using various techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy and neutron scattering. Raman spectroscopy involves the inelastic scattering of light, where phonons are generated or absorbed, leading to shifts in the energy of the scattered light. Neutron scattering, on the other hand, involves the inelastic scattering of neutrons by phonons, providing information about the phonon dispersion and dynamics in the material.
