The fabrication of graphene-based TIMs involves several methods, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), liquid-phase exfoliation, and mechanical exfoliation. In CVD, graphene is grown on a substrate, then transferred to the desired surface. Liquid-phase exfoliation involves dispersing graphite in a solvent and using sonication to produce graphene sheets. Mechanical exfoliation, often referred to as the "Scotch tape method," involves peeling layers from graphite to obtain graphene.
