Increased Sensitivity: Nanomaterials can enhance signal detection, allowing for the identification of
low-abundance biomolecules.
High Specificity: Functionalized nanomaterials can target specific biomolecules, reducing the likelihood of
false positives.
Miniaturization: Nanoscale assays can be integrated into microfluidic devices, reducing sample and reagent volumes.
Multiplexing: Multiple assays can be performed simultaneously using different nanomaterials, increasing throughput.
Gold Nanoparticles: Used in colorimetric assays for their unique optical properties.
Magnetic Nanoparticles: Used in magnetic separation techniques to isolate specific biomolecules.
Quantum Dots: Employed in fluorescence assays due to their high brightness and stability.
Carbon Nanotubes: Utilized in electrochemical assays for their excellent conductivity.
Toxicity: Some nanomaterials may pose
biocompatibility and toxicity issues.
Standardization: The lack of standardized protocols can lead to inconsistent results.
Cost: The synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterials can be expensive.
Regulatory Challenges: Regulatory approval for nano-enhanced assays can be complex.
Personalized Medicine: Tailoring diagnostics and treatment plans based on individual
genomic and
proteomic profiles.
Point-of-Care Testing: Developing portable, easy-to-use devices for rapid diagnostics in remote or resource-limited settings.
Advanced Biosensors: Creating highly sensitive and specific biosensors for real-time monitoring of
biomarkers.
Integration with AI: Combining nanotechnology with
artificial intelligence to enhance data analysis and predictive capabilities.
