Electrodes: Two high-purity graphite rods serve as the anode and cathode.
Power Supply: A direct current (DC) power source provides the necessary voltage to create the arc.
Inert Gas: Typically, an inert gas such as helium or argon is used to prevent oxidation.
Cooling System: A cooling system is often employed to manage the high temperatures generated during the process.
High Purity: The method produces nanotubes with fewer defects and impurities compared to other techniques.
Scalability: It is relatively easy to scale up for mass production.
Versatility: The method can produce both single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Control: It can be challenging to control the size and structure of the nanotubes produced.
Energy Consumption: The process is energy-intensive, requiring significant electrical power.
Yield: The yield of nanotubes is generally lower compared to other methods like
chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
Electronics: Used in the development of transistors, sensors, and conductive films.
Composite Materials: Enhancing the mechanical properties of polymers and ceramics.
Energy Storage: Improving the performance of batteries and supercapacitors.
Biomedical: Used in drug delivery systems and biomedical imaging.
Conclusion
The arc discharge method remains a cornerstone in the field of nanotechnology, offering a reliable way to produce high-quality carbon nanotubes. While it has certain limitations, its advantages make it a valuable technique for various industrial and research applications.
