What Nanomaterials Are Commonly Used in Biosensors?
Several types of nanomaterials are employed to enhance the performance of biosensors:
Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs): These are widely used due to their excellent biocompatibility and ease of functionalization with biomolecules. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): Known for their high electrical conductivity, CNTs improve the electron transfer rates in electrochemical biosensors. Quantum Dots (QDs): These semiconductor nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties, such as size-tunable emission wavelengths, making them ideal for optical biosensors. Graphene: This single layer of carbon atoms provides high surface area and excellent electrical properties, beneficial for both electrochemical and optical biosensors.
