Bragg's Law, formulated by Sir William Lawrence Bragg and his father Sir William Henry Bragg, is a fundamental principle used to understand the diffraction of waves, particularly X-rays, by crystal lattices. The law is expressed mathematically as nλ = 2d sinθ, where n is an integer, λ is the wavelength of the incident wave, d is the distance between crystal planes, and θ is the angle of incidence.
